Fuel burner diffuser



May 19, 1953 R. C. B Rl ERLY 7 2,638,974

FUEL BURNER DIFFUSER Filed Jan. 24, .1947

INVENTOR. RALPH 'c. BRIERLY ATTORNEY Patented May 19, 1953 -UNIT-ED- STATES PATENT OFFICE; A I FUEL BURNER DIFFUSER l Ralph c. Briefly, Namath, Pa. Application January 2 1, 1947, Serial No. 724,220

means. I (01.158146) l This invention relates to improvements d1 4 fusers and more particularly to improvements in air diffusers adapted to augment high-speed com i blades or spokes andheld together at theperiphe'ral edge by acircular band, said band being either stamped and affixed to,'or' cast integral with, the diffuser. The"disadvantages;of these forms of diffusers are markedly apparent at high.

firing rates, when high air; pressures andLdiflerentials through theregisters are being sustained. In such cases, air exiting between the petal-like (man underfTitle 35, Js; Code (1952),.

Similar numerals refer to .similar parts throughout the several views. I V

The difiuser II comprises a frustoconical member [3, preferably shallow, mounted" io'n thejnd'of aconduit l5; which is adapted to arry. combustible to an injector. (not shown) seated in theregister distance piece IT. A suitablecowli I8 and integral oxidant conduit 2ll'is provided.

A plurality of spaced and radially disposed I nozzles or ports [9 extend from the frontor furj nace' face of the diffuser to the opposite face thereof, the axes of said ports being disposed at blades of the diffusers athig h velocity tendsto blow the flames ofcombustibl'e away fro m the furnace face of'the' diffusers and to extinguish.

them or tear them apart so Violently that some of the combustible is chilledfthereby retard-Q ing combustionspe'ed.

The primary object or the invention is to pro"- vide adiffu'ser adapted to permit the heat re- ,lease per 'unitjarea of' air-control register throat:

to 'befin'creased above the level practicable with' diffuserspresently employed; r g

Another object is to providea diffuser adapted to augment greatly the degree of interniixturelof, air and oil at the face ofthe diffuser so .thatthe despite hitherto "inordinate air velocities.

A 'furtherobjectis'to provide a diffuser adapted to disseminate oxidant streams in such a manher that the tendency? of. the names to blow away and chill is reduced.

Another object is to to inte'rm'ix rapidly oxidant and combustible.

Still another object is-to-provide a diffuser f; wherewith the fiames-tend to adhere closeto by permitting combustion to be completed in f- 40 the front or furnace faces of thedifiuserythereshorter. furnace lengths;

A further object istoprovide a diffuser where with flame equilibrium is obtained proximatethe Further objects and advantages of this inven tion, as well asits construction, arrangement and furnace face of the diffuser. A

h mi provide a diffuser adapted an angle tolthe longitudinal axisof the conduit 1 l5. The .axes of said ports can each be disposed at the-same divergent angle to the longitudinal axis of the conduit 15, mean be disposed at various angles thereto; Said ports can be divergent in cross-section, as shown, or can be uniform or convergent in cross-section. Further, any dee I sired combination of angular'axial disposition I and cross-section can be employed without 'defj parting fromthe scope of the invention. ,7

' It is apparent that the construction above'def, scribed-is adapted to divide an oxidant stream into 'a multiplicity of oxidant streams and that employment 0f appropriate design characteristics provides a desired flame shape, thereby sub stantially increasing combustion efliciencya As shown in Fig. 3, an alternative construction adaptedito accomplish the same objects provides, a plurality of nozzlesor conduits 2i extending i d ver ing arcs. from a manifold 23 secured'to the furnace'endof the conduit l5. Saidcone duits f2lterminate inga common plane. A plu-"f ralityof" nozzles ,or conduits 25 extending'in jdi- .1 verging arcs from said manifold23 terminate in another common plane, said conduits 25 and 21" forming nesting polygonal, elliptical or circular" patterned groups of air exits, each group'approaching or recedingfrom the register distance,

piece 11. Any desired number of. planes of airf' exit can be employed without departing fr0m 1;h inventionp a H As shown in Fig. 4;, another alternative on? struction adapted to accomplish the same objects" provides a plurality of conduits 2'1, eachflexten'd; ing-in a diverging-path from a manifold 23 secured to the furnace end of the conduit J5 to a plane disposed at an angle to the longitudinal axis'of longitudinal axis of said conduit l5, said'conduits j 21 and 29forming -nesting polygonal, ellipticalor circular patterned groupsof air exits, each gr having dimensions that approach orfrecede the dimensions of the. register distance piece [1.

desired number of planes 'of' aire'x'it can" be employed, and the conduits 21 and 29 can be of uniform or varying cross-section, without departing from the invention.

variousmodifications and changes can be made in the SHbjEQtdQYiCCz-With-Otltfi departing from 5 the scope of the invention.

The invention described herein may be manu factured and used by or for the Government of the United States of America for governmental; purposes Without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.

I claim:

1. A diifuser for oxidant supplied to a fuel burner, said diffuser comprising a plateahaving a rear face and a front face indentedsub fifil tially in the form of a cone, said plate having portstherethrough extending from said rear face to said iront face, and means for supplying oxidant under pressure solely to' said rear face iorjfiow through said ports, each'of saidpcrts being posie lz ijn.feel?!.p tet jj s aree e o t Q ing th'rough' the, respective ports from said front e vifl" rectio divere nel om. e x o idlp ge;an ij i e a plane,.passing through v the a f id cone -;,T i =d fi ,defined i c a 1 in udin a conduitjse curedto said plate member for vsup;

ach having an ,inletfandv'an outlet, and communicating..,so lely with said inlets for, g, oxidant .underypressurethereto for I fa cone each'ofisaid nozzles being poe sit'i'o ed to discharg ,the oxidant flowingthere: through in a direction divergent from the axis of suchcone ,and towardsthe lease of such cone, the 40 p inil s haia o o a r of s nozz es l ing ina plan thatpass s throuehthe of ch w l hiil i ii er ac ord n to c m 3 i di i ean scu i id ljw zl s i rwcond f l under'p'res' toga {position located vat 'substan- .45

q s e icq i' 5. .dlffuserj Ior toxidant supplied to a fuel rns an 'fi isenc m ti ie a member having 7 a pl alitypf ports therein, and means comm uni-. eating solely with} said ports for {conducting v idan der D $VJ3 vt r o: ion s ar e rough a ai st ai iiq tsb iiie sol a ci h t they are ada ed-to dischargein the lateral ,sur-

' o eleachj'o -Said p r s ei aposi i ne 1sei b o dan' f o n t ri thr eli i d n 'irom theaxis oi suchl cona gardsw the base; thereofigthe point of dis of. ac .of Qsaid-ports lyinglka plane th at ssea ,Q ;;s 219 nea GTTH ing to claim 5 including co means mounted on .said u member. forconducting pressur we positi n loca dati h-u.

th'e1a'pex: ofsuchr eonew i f e ei ox dant u ie to v a .l u lw i p mprisinega a embe e b hy .fii Ilt-ig n a d tc t md rere neirom r c ;geriatric-axiso said-wnebei eefl normal to a plane passing through a first plurality of said ports and normal to a plane passing through a second plurality of said ports.

8. The diffuser definedmin, claim, '7 including a conduit secured to'said plate member-for supplying fuel to said front face at substantially the apex of said cone.

9. A diffuser for oxidant supplied to a fuel burner saidi diffuser comprising a plurality of nozzles each having an inlet and an outlet opening,-. -and--means communicating solely with said inlet,openingsiorficonducting oxidant under pressure thereto for discharge through said nozzles, saidmozzles being so positioned that their outlet openings lie inthe lateral surface of a cone, each ofjsaidnozzles being positioned to discharge the oxidant flowing therethrough in a direction divergent from the axisof such cone and towards thefb'ase ofsuchfcon'e; the-pointof- -'disc harge*of eachof a first pl urality of said nozzles lying jin'a plane -thatl-passes throughythe -axis' of such cone andth'e pointof 'discharge- -of-"each of- 'a'secon'd"" plurality-ofsaid nozzleslying ina-plane that passes through such axis;

10'5-The"diffuseraccordin to claim'9 inclufd-g in'g means secured to-said-nozfzles for conducting; fuelunder'pres'surefto agpo'sition located atisub sta-ntially theapex of'such cone."

11-.- A diiiu's'er *fo-r yoxida-ntsupplied ;to a' fuel burnerisaid'diffusercomprising famember having a pluralityj'of ports 'therein, and means cornmun eating solely with said" ports'fiior conducting-oxidan' under; pressure: thereto for discharge-g through said 'po'rts, said poi'tsfbeing-fso locatedj thatjth'ey iare adaptedto discharge in" the lateral 1 surface-era cone-,Eeachbf said ports being 'posik tioned' 1 to disilhallfgeitjthe oxidant :,flowing there? through 'in a direction divergent-from the axis of such cone andtowards, the basethereofjthe point ofjdischarge of eachtof; a firstpluralityof said portslying; in a plane that passes through the-axis of suchcone and thepoint of discharge] of each of other pluralities of said. ports lying inf, a plane,disposedqsimilarly 12. The diffuser, according to claim jll includ 'g ea u nted 'oni'sai embe for none. ductinggfuelflunder pressure to" a position located1 at'substantiallyfihe"apexiofgsuchjcone,' I Y 

